Tuesday, April 23, 2013

Elan rejects Royalty bid as grossly undervaluing its prospects

By Padraic Halpin

DUBLIN (Reuters) - Irish drugmaker Elan rejected a reduced $11.25 per share bid from Royalty Pharma , putting the ball back in the U.S. investment company's court in an increasingly convoluted takeover saga.

Royalty made its initial approach in February, attracted by the promise of lucrative revenues from Elan's multiple sclerosis drug Tysabri. But Elan has fought to maintain its independence through a series of maneuvers designed to frustrate the bid, which is contingent on 90 percent acceptances.

Royalty last week lowered its bid for Elan to $11.25 a share from an earlier $12 offer, pricing in the result of a $1 billion share buyback by Elan. The $12 per share offer had valued Elan at $7.3 billion and had been sweetened from an initial proposal.

Buoyed by the outcome of the buyback, Elan, which claimed last month that most of its shareholders did not view Royalty's original proposal as worth consideration, strongly advised shareholders to take no action in relation to the bid.

"The offer from Royalty Pharma grossly undervalues Elan's current business platform and our future prospects. As a result the board unanimously and without reservation rejected the offer," Elan Chairman Robert Ingram said in a statement on Monday.

As part of the share buyback, U.S. healthcare firm Johnson & Johnson cut its stake in Elan to 4.9 percent from 18 percent, accounting for more than 90 percent of shares repurchased.

Analysts were divided as to whether the buyback's outcome signaled confidence in Elan's plans to reinvent itself through a series of acquisitions, or speculation that Royalty would eventually return with a higher bid.

But after 73 percent of shares excluding Johnson & Johnson's were not tendered at any price in the pre-announced $11.25 to $13.00 range, Royalty may have to come back with a better offer.

VAST MAJORITY

Shares in Elan, which closed at $11.95 in New York on Friday, rose 2.5 percent to 9.1 euros ($11.90) at 0800 GMT in Dublin where the company keeps a secondary listing.

"Put simply, the vast majority of Elan shareholders believe Elan shares are currently worth more than $13," Berenberg Bank analyst Adrian Howd wrote in a note. "As we stand today, Royalty Pharma would seemingly have to offer in excess of $13 ... We see this as unlikely."

Royalty could yet improve its offer by factoring in the future performance of Elan's lucrative Tysabri drug via a contingent value right (CVR), rewarding investors should the drug hit certain sales milestones, two people familiar with the matter told Reuters.

Royalty, which wants to add the rights to Tysabri - worth hundreds of millions of dollars annually - to its large stable of royalty streams, has said that while its offer did not include a CVR, it reserves the right to include one.

Royalty's bid came after Elan in February sold its 50 percent interest in the blockbuster drug for $3.25 billion plus royalty rights to U.S. partner Biogen Idec , and said it aimed to spend the bulk of the money on acquisitions.

Elan, left with just one experimental drug in its pipeline following the Tysabri deal, improved the terms of its own plan last month by offering shareholders up to 20 percent of future royalties from Tysabri.

Royalty argues that Elan's management does not have a track record of deals and has urged shareholders to put pressure on the board to accept its offer.

Elan has said it has already spoken to several companies about potential deals and can move quickly. It may give further details of its strategy when it reports first-quarter results on Wednesday.

(Editing by Louise Heavens and David Holmes)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/elan-board-unanimously-rejects-royalty-pharma-bid-052759199--finance.html

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London Marathon: Tributes to Boston, extra security

LONDON (AP) ? A defiant, festive mood prevailed Sunday as the London Marathon began on a glorious spring day despite concerns raised by the bomb attacks on the Boston Marathon six days ago.

Thousands of runners offered tributes to those killed and injured in Boston. The race began after a moment of silence for the victims in Boston, and many here wore black armbands as a sign of solidarity.

"It means that runners are stronger than bombers," said Valerie Bloomfield, a 40-year-old participant from France.

London's is the first major international marathon since the double-bomb attack near the finish line in Boston, which left three people dead and more than 170 injured, including many who are still hospitalized. In addition, a policeman was killed during the search for the two suspected bombers. One suspect was killed during a shootout with police, while a second has been arrested.

Some 36,000 runners were expected to take part in the London race, which also draws tens of thousands of spectators. Police said they planned to add 40 percent more officers and extra surveillance as a precautionary measure.

Most runners in London said they weren't worried by the Boston bombings, and the impressive turnout of enthusiastic fans lining the routes showed the same spirit.

David Wilson, 45, said there was no question of canceling the marathon. He noted that Londoners had come back onto the streets the day after the lethal July 7, 2005, transit system bombings and weren't easily cowed.

"You can't not do anything, because otherwise you'd stay on the outs all the time," he said.

But Chris Denton, a 44-year-old engineer stretching his legs by the start line, acknowledged an undercurrent of anxiety. He'd asked that his family not come out to support him because of a possible copycat attack. "I left them at home," he said. "If only for my peace of mind."

Among the participants in London was Tomasz Hamerlak of Poland, who finished fourth in the men's wheelchair race and had competed in Boston last week. He said he was determined to race in London.

"It is terrible what happened in Boston, but we can't look back, we must look forward," an out-of-breath Hamerlak told The Associated Press moments after crossing the finish line. "The show must go on."

On Blackheath, the spacious green common area where the race begins, runners massaged one another's legs as loud pop music boomed on a sound system. A half-dozen police officers in reflective vests strolled around and chatted with the runners.?

Moments before the majority of runners set off on the grinding course, announcer Geoff Wightman used the loudspeakers to ask for silence. He described marathon running as a global sport that unites runners and supporters in every continent in a spirit of friendship.

"This week the world marathon family was shocked and saddened by the events at the Boston Marathon," he said as he asked the people gathered to "remember our friends and colleagues for whom a day of joy turned into a day of sadness."

As those gathered responded to his call, the only noise that could be heard was the buzz of helicopters and the beeping of a truck.

Security was plentiful but not intrusive near the finish line at the Mall in front of Buckingham Palace. Marathon staff, officials and media had their bags thoroughly checked, a process not deemed necessary at the event last year. Officials said this was in response to the Boston attack.

Shirley Gillard, a 63-year-old retiree sitting on a bench at the edge of the starting area, seemed pleased with her decision to come out and watch the race.?She described herself as the type of person who was always worried when spotting an unattended bag on public transport, but said people shouldn't change their habits because of what happened in Boston.

"That would be letting them win, the terrorists and lunatics," she said.

Marathon organizers plan to donate money to a Boston fund set up to help victims. They said they did not consider canceling the event, which is a highlight of the sporting calendar.

In a smaller event in Germany, some 15,000 runners were participating Sunday in the Hamburg Marathon. They wore armbands with the slogan "Run for Boston" as a mark of respect for the bombing victims.

Hamburg's top security official, Michael Neumann, has said that security "is adapted to the situation," without giving further details.

There was a brief security scare at a Hamburg subway station after the race started when a suspicious object was found. The station, which isn't on the race route, was closed while officials checked the object ? which turned out to be an empty cardboard box, news agency dpa reported.

There was no disruption to the marathon. Hamburg organizers have said that they know of only eight people who pulled out because of the Boston bombings.

___

AP writers Rob Harris and Steve Douglas in London and Geir Moulson in Berlin contributed to this report.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/london-race-tributes-boston-extra-security-093847676.html

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Wednesday, April 10, 2013

LG adds PayPal to its smart TV platform for faster app purchases

LG adds PayPal to its smart TV platform for faster app purchases

Looking to jumpstart interest in its in-house ecosystem, LG is adding PayPal as a software purchasing option for its latest line of smart TVs, making it the first manufacturer to natively use the service. Available now in the US, Canada and UK, this new addition will let you use either a traditional or Magic remote to navigate an onscreen keyboard when buying apps, games or $50 worth of 3D Disney movie rentals. The real potential time saver here is the addition of an optional "remember me" feature which lets users store their PayPal account information for faster purchases. Look for the service to expand to Australia, France, Germany and Italy sometime this month, with other markets set to follow later.

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/eyqNOZ1B0Aw/

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Medical Remedies Through Video Conferencing

Remote villages suffer from lack of proper health remedies which are easily possible in cities. Even after Setting up the required equipment and facilities we don't find sufficient doctors to treat the village people. We see the equipment unused and get rusted and the suffering of the people unanswered. At times of emergency we find people rushing to far of places for treatment and most of time spent to find the correct doctor and it becomes too late for the actual treatment to start. Most of the developing countries face the same problem. Many of the doctors who are passionate enough to serve the needy patients at remore corners cannot reach because of their daily routine work at their work places. Patients try reaching the doctors on phones to get advices and suggestions regarding whom to approach. So the doctors are always ready to help out the patients how ever busy they are. The same help can be extented by the doctors, helping the remote people from their work places itself by the use of Video conferencing equipment.

Communicating through Video conferencing is like conversing face to face as the equipment collaborates audio and video as well. The villages can be connected to the hospitals in the cities by setting up the equipment in the health centers in the villages and explaining the processes to the employees there.

Many of the patients with severe chronic diseases, patients on oxygen find difficulty in traveling to the hospital far away to get treatment. All the developing countries lack skilled doctors. Due to minmum resources people in remote villages are deprived of health care.

Most of the problems can be solved by the advice of the doctors, implementing Video conferencing helps the doctors to literally see the patients condtion and give suggestions. Such kind of programs not only spare travel and conserve energy also helps in making a single doctor be present at multiple locations.

Introducing new methods of communication like Video Conferencing involves,

Teaching the trainees how and when to speak and ensure to build trust in the concept of treatment online is the same as reaching the doctor and getting remedies face to face.

Making it interesting and informational with relevant eductional videos.

Involving the trainees in group discussions.

Providing guidance of a eminent doctor in the initial stages is important.

Multiple health centres from different villages can be given training at the same time, it helps in building interaction between the centers and learning from each other becomes easy.

It is accepted that globally telehealth will be of greater use and technology plays an important role in promoting.


?

Source: http://doctor.ezinemark.com/medical-remedies-through-video-conferencing-7d388c5f78bc.html

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Gambling nun pleads guilty to theft from New York churches

By Jonathan Allen

(Reuters) - A Roman Catholic nun with an admitted gambling addiction faces up to six months in prison for stealing about $128,000 from two churches where she worked in western New York, prosecutors and her attorney said on Tuesday.

Sister Mary Anne Rapp, 68, pleaded guilty on Monday to grand larceny in Orleans County, just west of Rochester, New York. In addition to time in prison, she will make partial restitution of the stolen money, prosecutors said. Sentencing is scheduled for July 1.

Rapp admitted to stealing money from two churches to fund a gambling addiction from 2006 to 2011, according to the county's district attorney.

"She's extremely remorseful, and she's done what she can now to address the underlying problem," her attorney James Harrington said.

He said she underwent treatment for gambling addiction after being confronted about the missing money following an audit requested by a new pastor for the two churches in 2011.

The two churches - St. Mark's in Kendall and St. Mary's in Holley - lie about 8 miles apart in upstate New York, near the shore of Lake Ontario.

Rapp used some of the money to gamble at a casino in Niagara Falls, New York, which is about 60 miles to the west, he said.

"No one's above the law," Joseph Cardone, the Orleans County District Attorney said. "You certainly can't prey on parishioners of a church who give money in support of their cause."

(Reporting by Jonathan Allen in New York; Editing by Ellen Wulfhorst and Lisa Shumaker)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/gambling-nun-pleads-guilty-theft-york-churches-224339427.html

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Sunday, April 7, 2013

Mexico?s Controversial Memorial for Drug War Victims

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Source: http://www.myantiwar.org/view/253215.html

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Galaxy S2 Shown Running Two Android Instances Side-by-Side Via Virtualization [VIDEO]

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Virtualization is a concept that has grown very rapidly in the last decade, especially amongst casual, home users. It makes sense, too, considering that the hardware available to the average user these days is capable of running multiple instances of an operating system with ease, even if you need a high-end machine for that. Also, the segregation of operating systems themselves has grown to a point where you do tend to want to try out the offerings of one, but don?t really want to switch your primary OS, where again virtualization comes to the rescue. The same concept has been trickling down to smartphones as well.

When we look at it from the perspective of evolution of computing, it only seems natural and logical; our daily drivers in technology are becoming smaller by the day (tablets, for instance, replacing traditional notebooks, especially the hybrids), and portable computing in the next ?in? thing.

GSII VM

Seeing as how smartphones are no longer merely communication devices but so much more, there doesn?t seem to be a reason why they shouldn?t sport the ability to run multiple operating systems. The same concept has been there for a while in Android already, in the form of dual booting ROMs that allow you to imitate a multi-boot set up akin to desktops. Now, a team of students from St. Petersburg University of Russian Academy of Sciences in tandem with Parallels (a virtualization company) has demoed a video of Samsung?s Galaxy S II running two ROMs side by side, at the same time.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/RedmondPie/~3/cssAM8wfZW4/

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Republican senator sees Obama budget offer as positive

By Mark Felsenthal

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - South Carolina Senator Lindsey Graham on Sunday became the first prominent Republican to publicly praise, however lukewarmly, the budget proposal the White House outlined last week.

Graham said that while he believes President Barack Obama's plan is overall bad for the economy, "there are nuggets of his budget that I think are optimistic," and that could set the stage for a broad bargain to put the nation's finances on a stronger footing. He was speaking on NBC's "Meet the Press" program.

Graham, a conservative who has deviated from party positions in the past, and has said he would consider raising up to $600 billion in new tax revenue if Democrats accept significant changes to Medicare, the government health program for elderly Americans, and Medicaid, the health safety net for low-income people.

The White House on Friday said the president would propose a budget that would offer cuts to so-called entitlement programs such as Social Security, a retirement program, and Medicare in exchange for increased tax revenues and a commitment to spend money on education and infrastructure repair.

Obama's proposal, which will formally be made public on Wednesday, is a symbolic document, and both the Senate and House of Representatives have already passed their own budget resolutions.

The president's aides have said he hopes to use the offer to appeal to enough middle-of-the-road lawmakers of both parties to pass a broad deal to reduce the budget deficit.

Obama also hopes to reverse the deep spending cuts that automatically kicked in March 1 as a result of the failure of the White House and Congress to reach an agreement on replacing them.

Graham's reception of the president's budget proposal is warmer than his fellow Republicans and some of the president's own allies have accorded it so far.

House Speaker John Boehner said last week the president was ignoring Republicans' staunch opposition to any tax hikes. And independent Senator Bernie Sanders, who votes with the Democrats, said he would oppose any efforts to lower payments to Social Security beneficiaries.

In an illustration of the difficulty the president will have retaining support among his fellow party members, a House Democrat said the president's plan risks splintering the party's loyalties.

"We need to be solid. We need to indicate to the administration this is a non-starter in the House," Representative Raul Grijalva of New Mexico said on MSNBC.

Graham said that the president's offer contained approaches to cutting spending that he supports. One is the proposal to index cost-of-living increases for government program benefits to a less-generous measure of inflation.

"The president is showing a little bit of leg here, this is somewhat encouraging," Graham said. "His overall budget's not going to make it, but he has sort of made a step forward in the entitlement-reform process that would allow a guy like me to begin to talk about flattening the tax code and generating more revenue."

Obama has invited 12 Republican senators for dinner on the day of the budget release as part of an effort to soften resistance among the opposition political party.

"The president's focus, in addition to the regular order process that members of Congress say they want, is to try to find a caucus of common sense, folks who are willing to compromise, that don't think compromise is a dirty word, and try to get something done," White House senior advisor Dan Pfeiffer said on ABC News' "This Week with George Stephanopoulos" program.

(Reporting By Aruna Viswanatha and Philip Barbara, writing by Mark Felsenthal)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/republican-senator-sees-obama-budget-offer-positive-172514864--business.html

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Saturday, April 6, 2013

Report: North Korea Loads 2 Missiles Onto Mobile Launchers (Voice Of America)

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There is no such thing as a - Business Management Daily

To establish an unlawful hostile work environment, an employee must prove, among other factors, that the workplace was subjectively offensive. Some employers misinterpret this requirement as meaning that an employee who participates in sexual banter, off-color jokes, or shares intimate details of her personal life is asking to be harassed.

Case in point? In EEOC v. Joe Ryan Enterprises (M.D. Ala. 3/28/13), the employer attempted to defend against a sexual harassment lawsuit by arguing that it had a "license" to harass the plaintiff, presumably because of her earlier participation in similarly offensive misconduct in the workplace. The district court was not having any of that argument, and granted the EEOC's motion to prohibit the employer from raising that defense:

The Court has come across no authority to support Joe Ryan's proposition that the defenses of "license" and "ratification" apply in a sexual harassment/constructive discharge context....

Still, even if the Court were to entertain this defense, it is clear that what Joe Ryan has argued is a far cry from the traditional defenses of "license" and "ratification." Indeed, in its opposition brief, Joe Ryan claims that Ms. Brown's "eager, enthusiastic and contributory participation to the acts and language she now complains of" evidences her purported "license" and "ratification" of the discriminatory conduct she endured while employed with Joe Ryan.

In Joe Ryan, the employee allegedly hung a sexually suggestive cartoon in a work trailer. Just because an employee engages in some workplace banter, however, does not mean that she acquiesces to all forms of sexual misconduct, such as being called a "whore" (one of the allegations in the case).

Employers need to build these concepts into their workplace anti-harassment training. Employees need to understand that some participation in sex-based workplace hijinks does not create a license to harass in perpetuity. No one can tell where someone draws his or her personal line of inappropriateness, and trying to make that decision for someone else can only result in trouble (i.e., a lawsuit) down the road.

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Friday, April 5, 2013

Thursday, April 4, 2013

Facebook unveils "chat heads" messaging tool for mobile phones

DEAR ABBY: My husband, "Wade," and I went into a convenience store near our home that we frequent regularly. A new employee -- a pretty, much younger girl -- stared at Wade with an expression of recognition and surprise on her face. When I asked him what that was about, he laughed it off and said I was "imagining things."The next time we saw her, Wade acted nervous and started talking fast, as if trying to distract me. He seemed to be avoiding eye contact with her. She ignored me while obviously trying to lock eyes with Wade. ...

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/facebook-unveils-chat-heads-messaging-tool-mobile-phones-173504480--sector.html

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Wednesday, April 3, 2013

How to Automate Anything with Alfred Workflows (Then Show Us Your Best)

How to Automate Anything with Alfred Workflows (Then Show Us Your Best)Last month, the Mac application launcher Alfred updated with a ton of improvements, but the most interesting feature is the new Workflows system that makes it easy for anyone to create their own speed-boosting shortcuts. We want to see yours, but if you haven't played around with Workflows yet we've got you covered there too.

The addition of Workflows into Alfred seems minor at a glance, but they allow you to do all sorts of productive things (note: while Alfred is free, workflows require the powerpack for about $21) easily with hardly any coding skills at all. The best part is they're not stuck on your computer, you can share them with people, and download other people's workflows to use for yourself. One of my favorites is a set of Spotify controls that allows you to quickly search for and play tracks without ever actually opening the Spotify window.

So, let's take a look at how to get started with your own workflows before we do a little show and tell.

How to Make Your Own Alfred Workflows

How to Automate Anything with Alfred Workflows (Then Show Us Your Best)Workflows are a little confusing at a glance, but they're actually very simple when you start messing around with them. A workflow is broken down into four parts:

  • Triggers: Usually a system-wide hotkey, but this can also include when you access a file or folder.
  • Inputs: These are the keywords you type into Alfred. They can also include file filters.
  • Actions: Actions are the scripts that run after you type in the input. This can include loading an AppleScript, launching an application, opening a web site, and more.
  • Outputs: Outputs are exactly what you'd expect. These include something getting copied to the clipboard, a notification posting, or a script running.

Alfred includes a bunch of sample workflows that are worth looking at to get an idea of how they work, but lets go ahead and make a very simple workflow to temporarily pause iTunes:

  1. Open Alfred's preferences and click on "Workflows."
  2. Create a new workflow by clicking the "+" sign, and select "Blank workflow."
  3. Name the workflow iTunes Pause (or whatever you want) and click Ok.
  4. Click the "+" in the workflows upper right corner, and select "Triggers," and then "Hotkey."
  5. Enter whatever hotkey you want (I did Shift+Command+P) and click Ok.
  6. Click the plus arrow and again, select "Actions" and select "Run NSAppleScript."
  7. Paste this code into the AppleScript box:
     on alfred_script(q) tell application "iTunes" pause delay 180 play end tell end alfred_script 

    and click "Ok."

  8. Now, mouse over the hotkey, and click on the tab on the right. Drag the arrow over to the AppleScript box.

Congratulations, you just made your first (admittedly rudimentary) workflow! You can now click the "Share" button in the bottom left corner to export the file, and send it over to anyone you want.

Share Your Workflows

The process can be as simple as above for a quick hotkey to trigger an AppleScript, or you can make it much more complicated by creating your own search structures with PHP. Of course, the best part is that you can benefit from other people's hard work easily, and you can browse through a lot of what's been created so far over on the Alfred forums. If you're ever curious how a workflow works, you can ask in the forums, or just install it in Alfred and double click any of the nodes to see the code.

With that in mind, we're going to turn it over to you: show us some of the workflows you've made, or the ones you're using.

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/lifehacker/full/~3/0Cbs4Ll1lh4/how-to-put-together-and-share-your-alfred-workflows-and-show-us-yours

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Total buzz kill: Metals in flowers may play role in bumblebee decline

Apr. 2, 2013 ? Beekeepers and researchers nationally are reporting growing evidence that a powerful new class of pesticides may be killing off bumblebees. Now, research at the University of Pittsburgh points toward another potential cause: metal pollution from aluminum and nickel.

Published in the journal Environmental Pollution, the Pitt study finds that bumblebees are at risk of ingesting toxic amounts of metals like aluminum and nickel found in flowers growing in soil that has been contaminated by exhaust from vehicles, industrial machinery, and farming equipment. The Pitt study finds that bumblebees have the ability to taste -- and later ignore -- certain metals such as nickel, but can do so only after they visit a contaminated flower. Therefore, the insects are exposed to toxins before they even sense the presence of metals.

"Although many metals are required by living organisms in small amounts, they can be toxic to both plants and animals when found in moderate to high concentrations," said Tia-Lynn Ashman, principal investigator of the study and professor and associate chair in Pitt's Department of Biological Sciences in the Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences. "Beyond leading to mortality, these metals can interfere with insect taste perception, agility, and working memory -- all necessary attributes for busy bumblebee workers."

Ashman and George Meindl, coauthor of the study and a PhD candidate in Ashman's lab, studied bumblebee behavior using the Impatiens capensis, a North American flower that blooms in summer. Its flowers are large, producing a high volume of sugar-rich nectar each day -- an ideal place for bumblebees to forage. The blooms were collected from the field each morning of the two-week study and were of a similar age, color, and size.

To determine whether nickel and aluminum in the flowers' nectar influenced bumblebee behavior, Ashman and Meindl used two groups of uncontaminated flowers, one group of flowers contaminated by nickel, and another contaminated by aluminum. When a bumblebee visited a flower in an array, the entire visitation was recorded as well as the time spent (in seconds) foraging on each individual flower. This included monitoring whether the bee moved from a contaminated to a noncontaminated flower, whether the bee moved to the same group it had just sampled, or whether the bee left the flower group without visiting other individual blooms. Following each observed visit, all flowers in the array were replaced with new flowers, to ensure accurate results.

"We found that the bees still visited those flowers contaminated by metal, indicating that they can't detect metal from afar," said Ashman. "However, once bumblebees arrive at flowers and sample the nectar, they are able to discriminate against certain metals."

In the study, the bees were able to taste, discriminate against, and leave flowers containing nickel. However, this was not the case for the aluminum-treated flowers, as the bees foraged on the contaminated flowers for time periods equal to those of the noncontaminated flowers.

"It's unclear why the bees didn't sense the aluminum," said Meindl. "However, past studies show that the concentrations of aluminum found throughout blooms tend to be higher than concentrations of nickel. This suggests that the bees may be more tolerant or immune to its presence."

These results also have implications for environmentally friendly efforts to decontaminate soil, in particular a method called phytoremediation -- a promising approach that involves growing metal-accumulating plants on polluted soil to remove such contaminates. Ashman says this approach should be considered with caution because the bees observed in the study foraged on metal-rich flowers. She states that further research is needed to identify plants that are ecologically safe and won't pose threats to local animals that pollinate.

The paper, "The effects of aluminum and nickel in nectar on the foraging behavior of bumblebees" first appeared online March 6 in Environmental Pollution. Funding was provided by the Carnegie Museum of Natural History's Powdermill Nature Reserve in Rector, Pa., a Botany-In-Action Fellowship from the Phipps Botanical Garden and Conservatory in Pittsburgh, an Ivey McManus Predoctoral Fellowship to Meindl, and a National Science Foundation grant (DEB 1020523) to Ashman. The bees were observed at a nature reserve in Western Pennsylvania during August and September 2012.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Pittsburgh.

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Journal Reference:

  1. George A. Meindl, Tia-Lynn Ashman. The effects of aluminum and nickel in nectar on the foraging behavior of bumblebees. Environmental Pollution, 2013; 177: 78 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.017

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